Structural Analysis Workflow

# Structural Analysis Workflow for Pump Components

This skill provides a systematic approach to performing Finite Element Analysis (FEA) on pump components, specifically casings and impellers under fluid loads.

## FEA Workflow

### 1. Geometry and Material Definition

**Geometry Preparation:**
- Import or create CAD geometry of pump casing or impeller
- Simplify geometry by removing non-structural features (small fillets, bolt holes, cosmetic features)
- Identify critical regions: high-stress areas, pressure boundaries, mounting interfaces
- Define coordinate system aligned with pump axis (Z-axis typically along shaft)

**Material Definition:**
- Assign material properties to all components
- Define isotropic or anisotropic properties as needed
- Input temperature-dependent properties if thermal effects exist
- Consider material orientation for cast or forged components

**Critical Parameters:**
- Young's Modulus (E)
- Poisson's Ratio (ν)
- Yield Strength (σ_y)
- Ultimate Tensile Strength (σ_u)
- Density (ρ)
- Thermal expansion coefficient (α)

### 2. Load Application

**Pressure Loads:**
- Apply internal pressure to casing wetted surfaces
- Use static pressure at design point or maximum operating pressure
- For impellers, apply pressure distribution from CFD analysis
- Consider pressure pulsations for fatigue analysis

**Centrifugal Forces (Impellers):**
- Apply rotational velocity to impeller body
- Centrifugal force: F_c = mω²r
- Ensure correct direction and magnitude
- Consider overspeed conditions (typically 120% of rated speed)

**Hydraulic Forces:**
- Radial thrust on impeller
- Axial thrust from pressure difference
- Tangential forces from fluid momentum change
- Unbalanced forces at off-design conditions

**Thermal Loads:**
- Temperature distribution from thermal analysis