Long Context

Extend context windows of transformer models using RoPE, YaRN, ALiBi, and position interpolation techniques. Use when processing long documents (32k-128k+ tokens), extending pre-trained models beyond original context limits, or implementing efficient positional encodings. Covers rotary embeddings, attention biases, interpolation methods, and extrapolation strategies for LLMs.

Data, AI & Research|v1|Updated 7/2/2026|GitHub source

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# Long Context: Extending Transformer Context Windows

## When to Use This Skill

Use Long Context techniques when you need to:
- **Process long documents** (32k, 64k, 128k+ tokens) with transformer models
- **Extend context windows** of pre-trained models (LLaMA, Mistral, etc.)
- **Implement efficient positional encodings** (RoPE, ALiBi)
- **Train models** with length extrapolation capabilities
- **Deploy models** that handle variable-length inputs efficiently
- **Fine-tune** existing models for longer contexts with minimal compute

**Key Techniques**: RoPE (Rotary Position Embeddings), YaRN, ALiBi (Attention with Linear Biases), Position Interpolation

**Papers**: RoFormer (arXiv 2104.09864), YaRN (arXiv 2309.00071), ALiBi (arXiv 2108.12409), Position Interpolation (arXiv 2306.15595)

## Installation

```bash
# HuggingFace Transformers (includes RoPE, YaRN support)
pip install transformers torch

# For custom implementations
pip install einops  # Tensor operations
pip install rotary-embedding-torch  # Standalone RoPE

# Optional: FlashAttention for efficiency
pip install flash-attn --no-build-isolation
```

## Quick Start

### RoPE (Rotary Position Embeddings)

```python
import torch
import torch.nn as nn

class RotaryEmbedding(nn.Module):
    """Rotary Position Embeddings (RoPE)."""

    def __init__(self, dim, max_seq_len=8192, base=10000):
        super().__init__()
        # Compute inverse frequencies
        inv_freq = 1.0 / (base ** (torch.arange(0, dim, 2).float() / dim))
        self.register_buffer("inv_freq", inv_freq)
        self.max_seq_len = max_seq_len

    def forward(self, seq_len, device):
        # Position indices

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